Practical application of a complete virtual synchronous generator control method for microgrid and grid-edge applications

Power grids are becoming decentralized due to more grid edge power electronic converters. As the penetration of these converters increases, there are fewer traditional synchronous generators providing the stabilizing voltage and frequency to the grid. A complete virtual synchronous generator control method for voltage source converters, called a Virtual Synchronous Generator, is presented. By incorporating 5 separate parts; a synchronous machine model, output voltage regulator, synthetic inertia and impedance and a speed or frequency controller, the converter behaves close to that of a real synchronous generator under both steady-state and transient conditions. Practical implementation experience and results from commercial microgrid projects show that the complete virtual synchronous generator control method has superior performance.