Target Velocity Estimation with Multistatic GNSS-based Radar

The paper presents methods and experimental results on determining the instantaneous velocity vector of a target using passive radar with Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as GPS, as transmitters of opportunity. The estimation method is analytically derived and then experimentally confrmed with real data, where a maritime target was simultaneously illuminated by 11 satellites belonging to different GNSS constellations.