A Comparative Analysis of Various Congestion Control Schemes in Wireless Sensor Networks

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one category of wireless network which plays a crucial role in many application areas like industrial process monitoring, health care monitoring, military supervision etc. WSN basically comprises of base stations and numerous sensor nodes that are placed in the geographical areas. These sensor nodes collect the information from areas and sends to the base station (sink node). When there are large numbers of sensor nodes is busy in transmitting data towards sink node then there is possibility of congestion in the network. Congestion has a significant role in reducing performance of the network or failure in network. So it is necessary to become aware of congestion and manage the congested resources in wireless sensor networks for enhancing the network performance. Thus, particular considerations are compulsory to build up more sophisticated methods to avoid, detect, and resolve congestion. Different approaches have been introduced in the past few years some include routing protocols aided with congestion detection and control mechanism, and devoted congestion control protocols. In conclusion, a comparative analysis of different protocols is made depending upon their performance on various parameters and the paper is concluded.