In vivo diffuse reflectance for bone boundary detection in orthopedic surgery

Real-time detection of tissue boundaries in orthopedic surgery could help prevent trauma, severe postoperative complications and reduce the risk of revisions. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy is a potential candidate technique to enable tissue and boundary identification with a sufficient look ahead distance to anticipate breach. The aim of this study is to differentiate between four different types of tissue based on results from in vivo measurements.