Four-Directional Adaptive Residual Interpolation Technique for DoFP Polarimeters With Different Micro-Polarizer Patterns

In this paper, we present a novel interpolation technique for the division of focal plane polarization image sensors, which adaptively determines the polarization residuals of a pixel in four directions. We have analyzed the performance of different micro-polarizer patterns by interpolation and optimized for a polarization microscope with maximized interpolation accuracy. Specifically, we applied our proposed algorithm on patterns of four micro-polarizers (oriented along 90°, 135°, 45°, and 0°), three micro-polarizers (oriented along 0°, 45°, and 90°), and two micro-polarizers (oriented along 0° and 45°), respectively. The experimental results reveal that the three-micro-polarizer pattern outperforms the other micro-polarizer patterns for recovering the missing polarization information in terms of mean square error (MSE). Moreover, the visual comparison is enabled with the fibrous structure of human liver carcinoma tissues, which shows excellent agreement with the reported MSE comparison.