Study of hpm nonlinear effect on circuit system consisting of pin limiter by using hybrid method

This paper applies a hybrid method to study the nonlinear effects on a circuit system including a PIN limiter generated by high power microwave (HPM). The results show that the response at the linear end has good linear relationship with the magnitude of electric field. However, the response at the nonlinear end has strong nonlinearity especially when the frequency of HPM is low. For circuit systems illuminated by HPM with low frequency, the response of the nonlinear end is close to the result of the circuit-level simulation but much lower than the linear extrapolation, where the PIN limiter is removed, when the electric field is low; however, it is between the results of the circuit-level simulation and the linear extrapolation when the electric field is high.