Beamforming of smart antenna in cellular network using leaky LMS algorithm

One of the important technologies used in present day cellular network is adaptive smart antenna where cell site is able to communicate in desired direction only and by minimizing undesired interferences. This paper presents a modified least mean square algorithm known as leaky least mean square (LLMS) algorithm for beamforming in smart antenna. Analysis of beamforming using leaky LMS is done based on main beam direction, null direction, maximum side lobe level (SLL
_max
) and convergence by varying parameters such as the step size and leak factor for different number of antenna array elements.