Evaluation of packet forwarding approaches for emergency vehicle warning application in VANETs

Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (CITS) based on a communication between vehicles and intelligent roadside infrastructure can be of a great benefit regarding road safety, traffic congestion and environmental impact of the transport. One of their key technologies are the Vehicular Ad hoc Networks. Due to the high mobility of the nodes that form the network, some protocol data unit forwarding approaches cannot achieve acceptable results under certain conditions. In this paper we evaluated the performance of L2 broadcasting and L3 routing using AODV and GPSR routing protocols to forward messages of an emergency vehicle approach warning application for connected and autonomous vehicles under specific road traffic conditions in the city of Zilina. To run the simulations, we used the highly realistic simulation stack comprising of OMNeT++ network simulator coupled with SUMO traffic simulator by Veins simulation framework.