A joint TOA and DOA approach for positioning with LTE signals

An approach to jointly estimate the time-of-arrival (TOA) and azimuth and elevation angles of the direction-of-arrival (DOA) from received cellular long-term evolution (LTE) signals is developed. The approach uses a uniform planar antenna array and an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to estimate the receiver's position and difference between its clock bias and drift with those of each of the eNodeBs' without any a priori knowledge about the receiver's state. Simulation results evaluating the performance of the proposed method are presented for different transmission bandwidths, carrier-to-noise ratios, and number of antennas. Experimental results show an accuracy of 0.55 m in estimating the position of the receiver with real LTE signals.