A comparative analysis of multicast routing protocols in VANET for smart city scenario

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) is an independent and self-organizing wireless Ad Hoc Network. VANET is the subclass of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network with the eminent property that nodes are the vehicle with high mobility property. VANET is an emerging area in the future of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) which helps in event driven traffic safety, collision warning through an exchange of messages through the wireless network. Nodes are expected to communicate by means of direct short-range communication (DSRC). This paper emphasizes on the review of various geocast and cluster-based multicast routing protocols for the secure and stable communication has been presented. The multicast routing approach in VANET reduces power consumption, transmission overhead in the smart cites. A single source can send messages to numerous specified nodes. Furthermore, the paper reviews the performance of all protocols using realistic networks and various routing techniques.