An RF-driven lightweight implantable insulin pump

Lightweight wireless implantable insulin pumps are highly desired by Type 1 Diabetes patients. This study reports the development of a polypyrrole-electroactuated micropump equipped with a non-fouling catheter tip. It can generate a consistent volumetric output of 16 μL at an RF power of 1.2 mW, supplied by an integrated wireless harvester. This motor-and-battery-free design significantly improves the pump's adoptability and biocompatibility.