Simple manufacturing approach for 3D overhanging structure of hydrogel with in-situ light-guiding mechanism

This study proposes a method for fabricating a three-dimensional overhanging structure of photo-polymerized hydrogel without supporting material as a sacrificial layer. The manufacturing method utilizes a precise micro-droplet printing technique and a light-guiding hydrogel. The light is guided into a polymerized hydrogel structure and focused on the tip of the structure. The controlled micro-droplets of the hydrogel precursor are accurately positioned at the tip of the structure, then immediately polymerized and deposited by the focused light. The proposed method is economical and effective because of its simple manufacturing process and minimal use of materials.