Connected vehicles and Internet of things

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) provide a distributed approach for connecting vehicles on the move. VANETs have been attracting interest for their potential roles in Internet of things (IoT) applications including intelligent transportation systems, autonomous driving, and so on. In VANETs, a multi-hop communication protocol is required when the transmission range is not enough to cover all intended receivers. Many applications including collision warning systems and other value-added applications require inter-vehicle communications. However, due to the various vehicle densities, vehicle movement, limited bandwidth of wireless communications, it is challenging to provide a high packet reception ratio and low end-to-end delay. There have been many studies about the inter-vehicle communications. These studies cover all communication layers and various types of applications. In this paper, we survey the recent works on the inter-vehicle communications for emerging IoT applications, with emphasis on network layer protocols, and explain the corresponding challenges and research directions.