A single-sensor high-resolution panoramic optical mapping configuration for simultaneous non-overlapped complete atrial and ventricular parametric imaging

Nowadays optical mapping (OM) is the primary method for imaging electrophysiologically relevant parameters from the outer surface of Langendorff-perfused hearts. This technique has become essential for comprehensively understanding mechanisms of cardiac propagation during physiological activation, arrhythmia, and therapeutic antiarrhythmic interventions in translational hearts. Panoramic whole heart optical mapping systems, using either multiple cameras, plane mirrors or a combination of both, have been developed to overcome intrinsic visualization limitations to traditional single-sensor designs. However current panoramic OM systems are financially challenging for physiology and engineering research labs since require multiple sensors to completely map wide areas of the surface, which further results on overlapping regions and/or missing areas of interest due to the intrinsic shape of the heart. In this study, we propose and validate a new spatially resolved low-cost single-sensor configuration to simultaneously record atrial and ventricular function in relation to its anatomy without overlapping regions.