Automatic plant irrigation system using Arduino

In the present era, food scarcity and water scarcity occurs due to the increase in population. So to avoid this problem we have to promote the agriculture sector. But water wastage is more in this sector in the form of water logging while watering the agricultural fields through irrigation. Therefore an automatic plant irrigation system has to be designed for the proper water supply in the fields. This paper deals with an automatic plant irrigation system which automatically senses the moisture content of the soil and decide whether irrigation is needed or not and how much water is needed for soil. This system uses AtMega328 microcontroller. It is programmed to sense the moisture content if the soil over a period of time. When the moisture content is less than the limit which is predefined, it will start supplying the desired amount of water till it reaches the limit. So when the soil is dry the pump will automatically water the fields and when the soil is wet the pump will automatically switch off, there by eradicate the need of manpower and conserve the time.