Resonance-Based Fault Current Limiters: Theory, Applications, and Assessment

Among nonsuperconducting fault current limiters (FCLs), resonance-based FCLs have captured more attention due to their exclusive features. This paper presents the application of the resonance phenomenon in resonant fault current limiters (RFCLs). Then, different types of RFCLs are explored and assessed based on their capability to suppress the fault current. In addition, for each RFCL, a simulation study is carried out in MATLAB software to assess their impact on power systems such as voltage sag, power loss, harmonic distortion, etc. Moreover, sensorless operation as the key feature of RFCLs is investigated to show the RFCL's ability to compete with superconducting FCLs in terms of activation time. Simulation results prove that RFCLs could be considered as the best solution for distribution and subtransmission system protection.