Discrete-time optimal controller for load frequency control of multi-source power system in Egypt

This paper presents a discrete-time model of an optimal controller based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for Egyptian Power System-Load Frequency Control (EPS-LFC) with inherent nonlinearities. The realistic power system in Egypt is modeled as three dynamics subsystems which are non-reheat, reheat, and hydro power plants. Moreover, the effects of the physical constraints such as Generation Rate Constraints (GRC) and speed governor dead band are taking into consideration. Subsequently, an optimal controller is discretized to obtain optimal digital controller via bilinear transform method of mapping discretization technique for regulating the system frequency. The performance of the presented discrete-time model of EPS-LFC is compared with an analog model for different cases of disturbance and system parametric uncertainties. The results by nonlinear simulation Matlab/Simulink for the EPS-LFC approves that the digital model ensures frequency regulation performance and almost have the same performance as the analog one for different uses sampling intervals. However, the digital model produces a little larger amount of overshoot than analog model in case of large sampling time which satisfy the cost of hardware requirement.