Model predictive load frequency control of multi-area interconnected power system

Reliability of electric power system depends on sustaining continuous balance between generation and load demand. In multi-area interconnected power systems (MAIPS), perturbing this balance leads to undesired deviations in frequency and inter control area (CA) tie-line power variations. These deviations, if prolonged, can make generators lose synchronism thereby leading to system collapse ultimately. To maintain zero frequency deviation and ensure tie-line exchange power on schedule at steady state, load frequency control (LFC) is introduced. In this paper, LFC design using model predictive control (MPC) in MAIPS is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified through time-based simulations on a 10-generator, 5-area MAIPS subjected to multiple perturbations. The dynamics of the system is studied by considering 0%, 50% and 100% participation of each generator in the LFC. The results reveal effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in view of settling time and overshoot on all the participation levels. The control scheme rejects all disturbances and keeps the frequencies within the IEEE allowable limit of ±1%.