Message queue telemetry transport protocols implementation for wireless sensor networks communication — A performance review

Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is a protocol with publish/subscribe interactions schemes and have a lightweight feature that suited for a constrained environment such in Wireless Sensor Network. This Paper presents the result of MQTT Protocols implementation in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) where Arduino and NRF24L01 were acted as WSN nodes, while the gateway consists of Arduino, NRF24L01 and ESP8266 Wi-Fi module as the IP based interface to the MQTT Broker. Sensor node and gateway interaction schemes were built using MQTT-SN protocols with different quality of Service (QoS) types which are QoS 0, QoS 1, and QoS 2. This paper measured several parameters which are gateway discovery process, the total number of packet loss in QoS0, data duplication along with total number of re-tries and Round-Trip Time (RTT) delay in QoS1 & QoS2. Based on the experiment, this research found several results. First, the average time for gateway discovery process is 1123.40 ms. Second, The QoS 0 is the fastest publish type protocol. However, the QoS 0 is unreliable. The QoS 0 publish type is having the most packet loss message based our experiment. Third, The QoS1 packet loss is better than QoS0 but the data duplication and several numbers of re-tries are found. Last, The QoS2 is the slowest publish type but most reliable publish message transfer. The experiment result that no packet loss occurred and the duplication data can be ignored by the gateway.