Maximising connectivity and throughput using effective routing protocol in vehicular ad-hoc network

In VANETs, the vehicles are nodes, which move at very high speed leading to frequent changes in topology resulting in the loss of data that causes failure in data reliability. The routing protocol in VANET is highly complex and challenging to design. The existing Connected Dominating Set (CDS) based routing protocol suffers from local maximal problem, resulting in high end-to-end delay and significant packet loss. To overcome this limitation, a Cluster Based Backbone Routing Protocol (CBBRP) is proposed in this paper. CBBRP provides high connectivity and low end-to-end delay by identifying backbone nodes that assure better packet delivery ratio compared to existing schemes. The networking scenario is implemented using SUMO tool for simulation analysis and to assess the performance metrics, NS2 is used.