Performance Indicator‐Based Real‐Time Vulnerability Assessment

This chapter presents a comprehensive real‐time vulnerability assessment methodology oriented to determine vulnerable areas of an electric power system and to assess vulnerability of each one of them. In doing so, it considers both aspects involved in the vulnerability concept, that is: assessment of the system's tendency to reach a critical state, and evaluation of the actual security level. The chapter introduces the methodology for identifying vulnerable areas in real time, based on electrical coherency. In order to complement the transient, voltage, and frequency stability (TVFS) vulnerability assessment proposed in the chapter, Prony analysis is used to estimate the frequency, damping, and magnitude of dominant modes that are observable in a given real‐time electrical signal. The computation of each TVFS performance indicators is illustrated in order to show the real‐time application of the stage involved with the evaluation of the system security level.