A Simple Estimator for Localization of Moving Targets Using Dual-Frequency Radar With Minimum System Architecture

Localization of a moving target (MT) using dual-frequency radar has now gained considerable attention. Although several studies for dual-frequency radar are addressed in the literature, those methods are based on far-field assumption. In this article, a novel and simple method based on the Fresnel model is proposed for single-station dual-frequency radar to provide an accurate position estimate for both near-field and far-field MTs. Rather than joint search direction of arrival and range, complex matrix operations, and the requirement of redundant receiving antennas, the proposed method can provide a closed-form solution only using simple algebraic manipulations for a minimum system architecture consisting of a transmitting antenna and two receiving antennas. In addition, the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) is derived to provide a benchmark for performance evaluation. The simulation results verified the proposed method.