Determination of retention basin and infiltration well zone for groundwater recharge using GIS-based approach: Case study: Bantaeng regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Currently, the biggest challenges of the Indonesian Government in water sector is the availability and quality of clean water. The causes of water vulnerability are land use change, rapid population growth, climate change, as well as residential and agricultural activities. In this study, GIS was utilized as tool for determining for retention basin and infiltration well zone as groundwater and surface water conservation. Several criteria were adapted from references such as SNI 03-2453-2002 and Maryland Storm water Design Manual. Several Thematic maps were developed which are slope between 8–30%; clay soil type; open space landuse as paddy field, moor, garden, etc. for developing retention basin zone. While infiltration well zone were needed thematic maps with water table elevation more than 3 m with rock permeability > 2 cm/hr that located outside of hazard zone as well as free of potential pollution as the criteria. Retention basin and infiltration well for aquifer recharge were studied in Bantaeng Regency using GIS tool. Several criteria were set up which allowed building six thematic map and resulting recommendation of retention basin zone as well as infiltration well zone. The results of retention basin zone potentially can be built in Uluere (12.99 km
²
), Eremerasa (14.19 km
²
), Sinoa (14.33 km
²
), and Tompobulu (18.22 km
²
) districts. While the infiltration well zone are within Eremerasa (20.22 km
²
) Tompobulu (40.68 km
²
) and Uluere (45.65 km
²
) districts.