BESS control on an microgrid with significant wind generation

This paper compares lead compensation and droop control of a 10MW lithium-ion based battery energy storage system (BESS) designed to maintain load frequency control (LFC) by dispatching regulating reserves of active power to a 91MW test section of the Maui, Hawaii island grid model with wind generation of 30MW. The test section is part of an existing larger Maui grid model developed by General Electric in Siemen's Power System Simulator for Engineering, and the BESS model is based on Electric Power Research Institute's CBEST battery model. Performances of the two controllers are compared to minimize the deviations in grid frequency caused by wind power variations and loss of generation. The results show using the BESS to provide LFC via lead compensator caused a significant reduction in frequency volatility and the magnitude of the frequency deviations in comparison to a microgrid without a BESS and using the BESS to provide traditional droop control. The advantage of the LFC over Base Case (no BESS) and the Droop Control case (Case 2) is that is more effective at reducing the frequency deviation caused by a disturbance on the microgrid.