Operation and control of pressure retarded osmosis for maximum power

This paper investigates the process of pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) for conversion of salt gradient energy. It demonstrates the relationship between net power produced by the process, and the conditions under which the process is operated. Analysis and simulation are used to show the need for careful selection of operation conditions. Control strategies for achieving target conditions are presented and demonstrated. The lack of in-situ test methods for validation and calibration of the proposed systems is also discussed.