Viscosity and calorie measurements of biodiesel production from Callophyllum Inophyllum L using catalyst and time variations for stirring in tansesterfication process

The use of fossil energy has caused air pollution, energy crises, and it is not environmentally friendly. So, that is necessary to find alternative energy from biomass materials. Indonesia has the potential of developing alternative energy with a huge natural resource. Examples of mass bio energy developed such as: Jatropha, Palm, and Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L) oils. To assist the development of bioenergy, this research aims to produce quality biodiesel using Calophyllum inophyllum L. In processing of biodiesel, Nyamplung beans were blended and pressed, then filtered to produce crude oil. Next is the process of separation between sap and oil. Biodiesel oils that still contain high free fatty acids (FFA) are esterified to reduce the FFA value to below 2%. Furthermore, the transesterification method was then performed with an alkaline catalyst using a variation of NaOH to increase the content of the ester compound in biodiesel. In this process, rotation with time variation is used to obtain optimum biodiesel yield. And the last is measured the physical parameters such as: Viscosity and calorie value, as well as chemical composition of biodiesel to conform to international standards and safe for use on machines. The result of viscosity measurement obtained was 3.219 Ns/m² for stirring time at 2 hours in transesterfication process, and viscosity value was 4.7 Ns/m² for 1% NaOH Catalyst variation. The results are optimal value in accordance with International standard for biodiesel production. And measurement of calorie value was 8,556 Cal/gr at 1%NaOH catalyst concentration.