Biosensor miniaturization for non-invasive measurements of materials and biological tissues

This paper presents about non-invasive planar complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) coupled to microstrip line to measure the dielectric properties of materials and biological tissues. The expectations of health professionals are increasingly turning to less invasive surgical procedures and treatments. In particular, the monitoring of vital parameters (sweat, water in the lungs, etc.) or the evolution of certain pathologies, such as cancer cells, could be observed regularly if suitable devices were developed and could especially replace traditional invasive method. Appropriate miniaturized RF or microwave devices could be an alternative for some medical diagnostic applications. These devices would make it possible to determine the dielectric characteristics of biological tissues, which represent their real pathological states. Thus, it would be possible that dielectric contrast measurements will be able to follow the evolution of pathology, as well as the vital parameters of a patient. The objective of this research is to investigate a prototype biosensor that is suitable for measurements on biological tissues and can be miniaturized to enhance its spatial sensitivity. This work focuses on the design, electromagnetic simulations, and characterization of a new miniaturized biosensor at 2.4 GHz. The ex-vivo experimental results will be shown by measuring the S-parameters of various materials and animal biological tissues. The extraction of the dielectric parameters of these samples is obtained by the measurements of materials.