Gaze estimation using 3-D eyeball model under HMD circumstance

This paper presents a gaze estimation algorithm using 3-D eyeball model and 2-D pupil center - inner eye corner(PC-IEC) vector. The conventional methods using feature points in the eye images need lots of calibration markers and long calibration time. However, since the pupil and gaze movements are closely related to the 3-D rotation of eyeball, the long and complicated calibrations are not necessary. This paper derives the relationship between the 3-D eyeball model and 2-D PC- IEC vector with a single reference calibration point which is located at the center of the screen. Also, the proposed algorithm compensates for the eyeball movements using the eyelid height against the inner eye corner. According to the experiment, the proposed method estimates the gaze within 2 degree error.