Energy efficient adaptive clustering protocol based on genetic algorithm and genetic algorithm inter cluster communication for wireless sensor networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of independent sensors distributed across different locations, which are used to continuously record the environmental or physical conditions. The recorded data will be passed through the network from a sensor to a main location. Sensors life time is based on the battery power. Lower the battery power leads to decrease in lifetime for a sensor. It is important to increase the lifespan of sensors and also to distribute the power over WSN. Energy can be efficiently used up to some level in one of the hierarchy routing protocol that is Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH). This paper compares the performance of LEACH, Genetic-LEACH and Inter cluster Communication in LEACH. Here, first analyzed the basic operations involved in LEACH and then it is optimized using Genetic Algorithm (GA) to extend the life time of WSN. Finally these results are compared with LEACH which uses inter cluster communication to reach sink instead of direct communication. First set of Simulation results using MATLAB shows that the Genetic LEACH increases the living time of the WSN compared with LEACH, and also second set of results shows that the inter cluster communication in LEACH reduces energy consumption by the nodes significantly and the living period of WSN is increased compared with LEACH and with Genetic LEACH.