A theoretical study on improved structure of microstrip antenna for better performance

The utilization of Electromagnetic band gap in microstrip antenna design becoming most popular. This periodic structure interacts with electromagnetic waves. It characterized by frequency stop-band, pass bands and band gap. Its application seen in filter designs, gratings, frequency selective surfaces, photonic crystal band gap, etc. The EGB structure reduces surface wave level, back lobes and improve the return loss, gain etc. After study types of EGBs, swastika type structure is more compact, single band and wider band width. The fractal EGBs are dual band with wider band width. To improve the directivity and efficiency both in patch antenna. All these techniques like micromachining EGBs, soft structure substrate have been followed.