SPICE models of nonlinear capacitors for simulation of ferroelectric circuits

The paper presents SPICE models of nonlinear capacitors for analysis of ferroelectric circuits. The capacitors can be defined by either charge-voltage or voltage-charge closed form expressions. Additionally the model for series connection of any number of nonlinear capacitors is proposed. The model takes into account trapped charges of internal connections. Numerical experiments for ferroelectric circuits confirmed the correctness of the proposed approach.