Regenerative braking in electric scooters

Electric urban vehicles are in the spotlight of society since its autonomy dependence is not that high. Electric motorcycles and scooters are actually already reliable urban vehicles for short journeys. These vehicles can have different configurations for their powertrains. In this paper an electric scooter model is developed using Energetic Macroscopic Representation in order to analyze its braking and traction systems and determine by simulations, which is the best configuration for its powertrain from energy consumption point of view.