Differential power as a metric to optimize power converters and architectures

In this paper we review some of the fundamental limits of dc-dc power converters described in 1966 and 1969 and generate an averaged power model that is useful to perform high-level comparison of power converters and architectures. The model is extended to 3 port power converters, which is used to calculate the minimum possible internal power to be processed by the components of the power stage of energy buffered converters. Finally, a single stage inverter/rectifier with energy storage capability that meets the fundamental limit is synthesized.