Improvement of the Finite-Element Analysis of 3-D, Nonlinear, Periodic Eddy Current Problems Involving Voltage-Driven Coils Under DC Bias

Different techniques are investigated to improve the performance of the solution process of 3-D, time-periodic, nonlinear, voltage-driven eddy current problems under the influence of dc bias by the means of the finite-element method. The underlying nonlinear iteration technique is the time-periodic fixed-point method. The benefit of a static approximation to generate an initial solution, i.e., of a static initialization is pointed out. A secant method and a Schur complement technique to carry out the static initialization are compared. The procedures developed are applied to 3-D models of one- and three-phase benchmark transformer problems with dc bias.