Power System Operational Adequacy Evaluation With Wind Power Ramp Limits

Uncertainties associated with wind power integration challenge the operational adequacy of conventional power systems. A set of wind power ramp limits (WPRLs) is proposed in this paper to evaluate the operational adequacy of power systems with high wind power penetration and to provide operating references to wind farms in the form of a ramp power limit (RPL) and ramp rate limit (RRL). The RPL is used to evaluate the minimum and maximum allowable generation of a wind farm by considering the power reserve capacities of generators and power flow constraints of transmission lines. A robust second-order cone programming RPLs formulation with AC power flow constraints and a column-and-constraint generation based solution method are proposed to maximize the total operating range of all wind farms. Meanwhile, a Pareto optimality based RPLs evaluation approach is proposed to handle the coupled relationship among the operating ranges of the wind farms to achieve a balanced RPLs solution for each wind farm. The RRL is used to evaluate the most rapid wind power ramp behavior that can be handled by system frequency regulation without exceeding the designated frequency range. A comprehensive criterion is proposed to evaluate the RRLs by considering primary and secondary frequency regulation. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed evaluation approach is verified through case studies.