Workload-aware lifetime Trojan based on statistical aging manipulation

Due to escalating complexity of hardware design and manufacturing, not only are integrated circuits (ICs) designed and fabricated in multiple nations, but also software tools may be supplied worldwide. It makes hardware security become more subject to various kinds of tampering in the supply chain. Hardware Trojan horses (HTHs) can be implanted to facilitate the leakage of confidential information or cause the failure of a system. Reliability Trojan is one of the main categories of HTH attacks because its behavior is progressive and is thus not trivial to be detected, or not considered malicious. In this work, we propose to insert reliability Trojan into a circuit which can finely controls the circuit lifetime as specified by attackers (or even designers), based on manipulating BTI-induced aging behavior in a statistical manner. Experimental results show that, given a specified lifetime target, the resulting lifetime can mostly be bounded within 90% ~ 110% of the target. Instead, in a typical design considering pessimistic corners, the resulting lifetime is usually far longer than the target.