EMSICC-based compact array antenna having switchable frequency beam-scanning range in microstrip environment

In this paper, an eighth-mode substrate integrated circular cavity (EMSICC) based beam scanning array antenna having reconfigurable frequency band using PIN diodes is realized at X-band. A single annular complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) is introduced in ground plane of EMSICC and by rotating the ring, a shift of resonant frequency is obtained. Further, to implement the rotation, PIN diodes are incorporated at two positions and depending upon the switching states of these PIN diodes, a frequency-reconfigurable unit cell is designed. Finally, a beam scanning array antenna is designed utilizing that unit cell with reconfigurable frequency band. The band can be shifted by switching the diodes maintaining the scanning range of 36°.