Interior Gateway Protocols

An interior gateway protocols (IGP) is used to route the traffic within each separate network of an autonomous system (AS). There are two types of IGP: distance vector routing and link state routing. Distance Vector Routing Protocol gives each router in the network information about its neighbors and the cost of reaching any node through these neighbors. The working of a distance vector routing protocol helps the routers to exchange their link information with immediate neighbors and update their routing table. In a link state protocol, the router exchanges its network topology information in terms of its links and interfaces with its neighbors. The neighboring nodes further transmit this information to its other neighboring nodes, and the process continues to enable the topological information about each node to reach across the network to all the routing nodes.