Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE‐Advanced

This chapter discusses the general network architecture and interfaces of Long‐Term Evolution (LTE), and describes the new air interface for both frequency division duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems. It also describes how user data is scheduled on the air interface as it is a major task of the LTE base station. The chapter summarizes the basic procedures to establish and maintain a data connection between a mobile device and the network, followed by an overview of mobility management and power management considerations. It then explains the network planning aspects, interconnection to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). The chapter concludes with operational topics such as Voice over LTE (VoLTE) and suitability and use of different backhaul technologies for LTE.