Effects of demand response program and energy storage system on optimal stochastic short-term generation scheduling of grid-connected microgrid

In this paper, effects of demand response program (DRP) and energy storage system (ESS) on optimal stochastic short-term generation scheduling of grid-connected microgrid (MG) have been investigated considering uncertainties. The options of purchasing power include micro-turbines (MTs) as local dispatchable units, and renewable energy sources (RESs) (photovoltaic (PV) systems and wind-turbines (WT)) and charge/discharge of ESS as well as upstream grid (UG). In optimal operation of microgrid (MG), ESS and DRP have been used to reduce the expected operation cost. Meanwhile, the proposed stochastic model considers the uncertainty models of upstream grid price, load and RES output powers by allocating proper amount of spinning reserve and by using a scenario stochastic model instead of classical deterministic model. Finally, in optimal operation of MG, the effects of ESS and DRP have been investigated. To show the capability of presented stochastic framework, four case studies have been studied and the results are compared with each other.