Re-entry trajectory optimization for space shuttle using Sine-Cosine Algorithm

The re-entry phase of the reusable launch vehicle (RLV) is a challenging optimal control problem because of its high nonlinearity and numerical sensitivity. In this paper, a recently proposed metaheuristic optimization algorithm, Sine-Cosine Algorithm(SCA) is employed to solve the re-entry trajectory problem for space shuttle vehicle. A cost function which maximizes the cross range along with satisfying certain boundary conditions is selected for the problem. Control inputs are parameterized with defined ranges for the implementation of SCA to solve the optimal control problem. The results demonstrate the optimal trajectory. The results obtained show efficiency and applicability of SCA for solving the trajectory optimal control problem.