Modeling and simulation of optimal and adaptive real-time energy management system for automated driving

Reliable power supply for safety-related components is one of the prerequisites for highly and fully automated driving, requiring new fail-operational power net topologies and appropriate control strategies. A model of a predictive and adaptive energy management system based on optimal control theory ensuring reliable power supply for both normal and failure cases will be presented in this paper. Two approaches for solving a mixed-integer energy flow optimization problem using nonlinear and linear programming algorithms and their implementation in MATLAB/Simulink will be proposed. The use of the developed simulation model for energy management systems allows the analysis of power net designs, the validation of safety requirements and the design of system fault reactions. It also serves as a basis for the implementation of the energy management system in real-time applications.