A new WSN deployment approach for air pollution monitoring

Due to the increasing industrialization and the massive urbanization, air pollution monitoring is being considered as one of the major challenges of smart cities. Many air pollution monitoring systems have been proposed in the literature, among which wireless sensor networks seem to be a leading solution thanks to sensors' low cost and autonomy as well as their finegrained deployment. A careful deployment of sensors is therefore necessary to get better performances while ensuring a minimal financial cost. In this paper, we consider citywide wireless sensor networks and tackle the minimum-cost node positioning issue for air pollution monitoring. We propose an efficient approach that aims to find optimal sensors and sinks locations while ensuring air pollution coverage and network connectivity. Unlike most of the existing methods, which rely on simple and generic detection models, our approach is based on the spatial analysis of pollution data, allowing to take into account the nature of the pollution phenomenon. As proof of concept, we apply our approach on real world data, namely the Paris pollution data, which was recorded in March 2014. We also perform extensive simulations in order to study the performance of our approach in comparison to the existing methods.