A security-constrained multi-period OPF for the locational allocation of automatic reserves

This paper presents a new locational allocation method for automatic reserves that accounts for both the transmission network security and balancing power aspects using a security-constrained multi-period AC optimal power flow formulation and co-optimization of reserves. The proposed method's novelty includes going beyond linear DC-based dispatch security models with fixed reserve requirements, employing implicit quantification of reserves based on simultaneous optimization of pre-specified contingency scenarios, implementing the system-wide signal-based mechanisms to automatically deploy reserves, and utilizing a time-coupled co-optimization that accounts for energy and reserve ramping across all time intervals. The results demonstrate that realistic dispatch and reserve models of nonlinear AC transmission systems can be constructed and solved with existing computational tools and within reasonable time frames.