Multi-physics modeling and optimized design of asymmetric integrated optical sensor for electromagnetic pulse measurement

A novel integrated optical electric field sensor employing the asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer especial for electromagnetic pulse measurement is analyzed and optimized design utilizing the multi-physics coupling model. Tapered antenna for the sensor is analyzed in CST software. The multi-physics equation and model are analyzed. Antenna structure and size are optimized using CST. Meanwhile the asymmetric waveguides including 3 dB coupler are optimized based on the operating point adjustment range over 90°. In the simulation model, the measurement range of the sensor can reach to 90 kV/m. R² of the fitting curve of the measurement range is 0.986. Simulation results of the time domain response of the antenna in CST and waveguide in COMSOL are combined when analyzing the frequency response. The results shows that the frequency response ranges from 1 GHz to 10 GHz with less than 3 dB deviation.