A hybrid dynamic demand control strategy for power system frequency regulation

The rapid increase in renewable energy integration brings with it a series of uncertainty to the transmission and distribution systems. In general, large-scale wind and solar power integration always cause short-term mismatch between generation and load demand because of their intermittent nature. The traditional way of dealing with this problem is to increase the spinning reserve, which is quite costly. In recent years, it has been proposed that part of the load can be controlled dynamically for frequency regulation with little impact on customers' living comfort. This paper proposes a hybrid dynamic demand control (DDC) strategy for the primary and secondary frequency regulation. In particular, the loads can not only arrest the sudden frequency drop, but also bring the frequency closer to the nominal value. With the proposed control strategy, the demand side can provide a fast and smooth frequency regulation service, thereby replacing some generation reserve to achieve a lower expense.