Spatial modulation for multi-user massive MIMO systems

In this paper, the application of the spatial modulation (SM), which is a promising technique proposed to be used in next generation -5. generation (5G) and beyond-mobile communication systems, to multi-user (MU) massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems is investigated. After describing spectral efficiency and energy efficiency, it has been stated that SM can provide a high spectral and energy efficiencies according to 5G's requirements by adapting it to massive MIMO systems. Thus, the use of SM in massive MIMO systems is evaluated. A detailed literature survey has been done and the studies and challenges on multi-user (MU) massive MIMO-SM systems have been discussed in downlink and uplink scenarios. It is aimed that this tutorial paper will help the researchers and engineers working on 5G and beyond wireless communication systems.