Integrated battery-electric vehicle model and its optimal speed control application

Energy-efficient system is very desirable in an electric vehicle. Having energy-efficient control systems in the vehicle should be advantageous in this regard. This paper presents an integrated battery-electric vehicle model to capture battery dynamics. In order to evaluate the usefulness of the model for having energy-efficient system, a linear quadratic integral (LQI) control of the vehicle's speed has been designed. Simulations have been performed with observations on an energy consumption formulation. The simulations show that the use of the integrated battery model in the control system design may result in more energy-efficient system in an electric vehicle application.