Analysis of Energy Savings of CVR Including Refrigeration Loads in Distribution Systems

Conservation voltage reduction (CVR) plays an important role in energy savings and shaving peak demand. This paper quantifies energy savings for refrigeration loads (RLs) with experimentally validated air conditioner and refrigerator models. It is demonstrated that peak demand reduction and energy savings exist simultaneously during the implementation of CVR. A 1666-bus real meshed network with residential, small, and large commercial customers is simulated for the calculation of energy savings. Different working patterns: weekday and weekend; weather conditions: hottest and average summer days during peak load of the year; and load types: mixed load (ZIP and RLs) and ZIP load are studied. In addition, the IEEE 8500-node radial system with 100% residential customers is also used to show the energy savings of CVR. It is concluded that the economic benefits of CVR are larger for meshed networks than for radial systems. It is also shown experimentally and by simulation that CVR produces significant savings for both utilities and customers.