Compact reconfigurable antenna with radiation pattern diversity for spatial modulation

We design a compact reconfigurable antenna suitable for integrable communication systems based on spatial modulation. This recent technique is a simple implementation of multiple-input multiple-output communication scheme. The reconfigurable antenna is based on a meander line radiating element surrounded by two L-shaped wire resonators connected to a metallic ground plane with two PIN diodes. By switching these lasts, this subwavelength (λ/5) printed antenna can generate four different radiation patterns. The cross-correlations between the different patterns range between 11% to 95% that match the requirements of spatial modulation. To increase the number of patterns, two other geometries are proposed.